Journal of disease and health hazard Eastern Region Thailand (JDH)

Review of the Situation and Recommendations for Developing a Surveillance System for Emerging Zoonotic Brugia pahangi Filariasis Transmission in Thailand

Wanapa Ritthison, Nichapat Pinitjitsamut, Adisak Bhumiratana — Mon, 19 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This review provides the epidemiological insights into the situation of an emerging Brugia pahangi filariasis in Malaysia and Thailand that have reported the occurrence of sporadic cases of disease over the past two decades. Malaysia reported several adult patients with zoonotic B. pahangi infections, whereas in Thailand childhood infections (<15 years old) were reported. Also, it provides suggestions that can be explored concerning a revision of, or addition to, case-based surveillance for zoonotic B. pahangi filariasis through lymphatic filariasis surveillance as part of the existing hospital-based case surveillance.

Case Investigation Report of Monkeypox Infection in Bangkok

Chantaya Apinantakiart, Irafan Pohyoh — Mon, 19 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

On March 11th 2023, Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute received a referral for a confirmed of Monkeypox case. The patient was a Thai male, aged 40 years old. He was admitted as an inpatient. Bamrasnaradura Infectious Disease Investigation Team in conjunction with Department of Health (Bangkok Metropolitan Administration) and Public Health Service Center 11, Pradiphat conducted an investigation of the disease since 21^st to 22^nd on March 2023 to be confirmed the diagnosis and outbreaks, study the distribution of the disease according to the characteristics of individuals place and time, find a source of infection, factors associated with disease, and prevention and control of disease outbreaks by descriptive epidemiological study was conducted by reviewing data from medical records, interviewing patients, doctor and staff, finding active cases Including surveillance and monitoring symptoms in close contacts, along with studying the environment of the residence and various hospitals where patients received treatment. The results of the investigation found that the patient had sexual orientation with men, had a history of traveling to Malaysia from 24^th to 26^th on February 2023, had a history of hugging and kissing with a strange Thai man at Chatuchak Park on March 2^nd, 2023. Onset of illness was on March 5^th 2023. His symptoms included fever and body rash. West African lineage B.1.3 was found in the lesion swab from the case. 20 contact cases were follow-ups. There was no infection found. From the investigation of the disease, it was found the patient is likely to be infected in Thailand because no epidemiological link was found in Malaysia. it is expected that the infection was caused by the behavior of intimate contact with a strange, unidentified Thai man at a public park in Chatuchak area. Additionally, the patient denied a history of sexual intercourse which was inconsistent with the clinical characteristics of the patient. It is possible that patients may not disclose all personal information because they may be concerned about social stigma and impact on work responsibilities.

The Efficacy testing of Deltamethrin to the Insecticides on Aedes aegypti, Comparison of single-acting formulas and mixed multi-acting formulas by Semi-field thermal space spray application in the recurrent outbreak of dengue fever area Tambon Bang Sai, Amphoe Mueang, Chonburi Province.

Miruntee Phaengnga, Ladawan Arnonsirichot, Preeyaporn Tuacksuban — Mon, 19 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to aware the efficacy of Deltamethrin single-acting formula and mixed-acting formula to eliminate Aedes aegypti by Thermal space spraying in the dengue fever endemic area, Bang Sai Sub-district, Mueang District, Chonburi Province. This research was an experimental research which was performed by the Cage Bio-assay test. The sample groups were 3-5 days old adult female Aedes aegypti, laboratory strain and Bang Sai strain. The test was performed with Deltamethrin single-acting formula; consisting of Deltamethrin 0.5% at a rate of 1 g/ha, and Deltamethrin mixed-acting formula; consisting of Deltamethrin 0.5% + S-bioallethrin 0.75% + Piperonyl Butoxide 10% at a rate of 0.75 g/ha. The results of the study found that the efficiency of Deltamethrin single-acting formula when tested with Aedes aegypti in the laboratory and Bang Sai found a mortality rate of 100 % for both mosquito stains, and Deltamethrin mixed-acting formula when tested with Aedes aegypti in the laboratory and Bang Sai found a mortality rate of 100 % for both mosquito species. Therefore, from the results of the study, it was found that the Deltamethrin single-acting formula with an application rate of 1 gram/ha and the Deltamethrin mixed-acting formula with an application rate of 0.75 grams/ha, these could eliminate Aedes aegypti
in the outbreak areas with no difference, with a mortality rate of both mosquito species of 100 %.
In addition, the outbreak situation in the area should study other factors for effective disease control.

Study of the Prevalence and Trends of Sexually Transmitted Infections in a Dermatology Clinic in Bangkok

Mon, 19 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to investigate the prevalence and trends of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) at a dermatology clinic in Bangkok Metropolitan Area.
Methods : This is a retrospective study based on medical records of patients receiving treatment at a dermatology clinic in Bangkok. The study population consists of individuals residing both in Bangkok and other provinces. Data were collected from 2020 to 2024, categorized by age, disease type, and residential area, and analyzed to compare STI trends.
Results : Among 165 patients diagnosed with STIs, those residing in Bangkok were mostly middle-aged adults (aged 36-59 years), accounting for 15.76%, followed by young adults (aged 19-35 years) at 14.55%. The most common STI was viral warts (31.52%), followed by anal and genital warts caused by sexual transmission (7.88%). For patients residing outside Bangkok, the majority were young adults (19-35 years), accounting for 15.76%, followed by middle-aged adults (36-59 years) at 15.15%. The most frequently diagnosed STI was viral warts (29.09%), followed by molluscum contagiosum (5.45%). In 2024, the prevalence rate was 3.98 cases per 100,000 people, with Khlong Sam Wa district having the highest incidence rate at 31.88 per 100,000, followed by Bang Khen at 12.46 per 100,000. An analysis of STI trends from 2020 to 2024, using the ARIMA forecasting model, predicts a stable incidence rate in 2025 for patients seeking treatment at the dermatology clinic in Bangkok. The model's MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) score was 24.285, indicating a good forecasting accuracy of approximately 75.715%.
Conclusions : This study highlights STI prevalence and healthcare-seeking behavior among patients visiting a dermatology clinic in Bangkok. These findings may reflect challenges related to STI distribution, lack of public awareness, and insufficient knowledge of preventable infections. Enhancing education and improving access to effective healthcare services are essential for controlling STI outbreaks in the future.

A study of operations on prevention and control of Streptococcus suis infection by operating staff. Wiang Nong Long District, Lamphun Province.

Pitsanuporn Saicamthon, Premmika Wongla, Saranyu Samphusri — Mon, 19 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to 1) Examine the processes involved in the surveillance, prevention, and control of
Streptococcus suis infection 2) Identify the factors influencing these processes 3) Analyze and provide recommendations for improving the surveillance, prevention, and control of Streptococcus suis infection in Wiang Nong Long District, Lamphun Province. A qualitative research approach was employed, with specific areas and key informants selected for data collection. Information was gathered through in - depth, semi - structured interviews and a review of relevant documents. The study was conducted from October 1, 2023, to September 30, 2024. Preliminary findings indicated that the surveillance, prevention, and control of Streptococcus suis infection encompassed surveillance activities for both humans and animals, including proactive and reactive approaches, as well as pre- and post-infection prevention measures and control strategies. These efforts were jointly undertaken by public health agencies, livestock departments, and local administrative organizations. Key influencing factors included human resources, financial support, equipment and materials, and management practices. Policy recommendations include organizing training sessions to enhance knowledge, developing educational materials for disease prevention, creating operational manuals, improving diagnostic test kits, and formulating and rehearsing contingency plans. Lastly, practical recommendations involve adding notification steps to the swine disease surveillance process and incorporating pre-infection prevention measures into the human disease prevention protocol.