The Development Model for Prevention and Control of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Service area Kapongchaipat Hospital, Phang Nga Province

Abstract

This research and development study aimed to examine, develop, implement, and evaluate a model for dengue fever prevention and control in the catchment area of Kapong Chaiphat Hospital. The development of the dengue fever prevention and control model was conducted in four stages: 1) study the problem situation and analyze problems and development needs; 2) developing the dengue fever prevention and control model; 3) implement the developed model; and 4) evaluate the model. Data were collected using questionnaires and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-test, while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.

The findings showed that the developed dengue fever prevention and control model in the catchment area of Kapong Chaiphat Hospital consisted of six components: 1) interactive learning promotion activities; 2) development of a checklist for five household risk points, model households, and a campaign involving house-to-house visits, water inspection, and overturning water containers every Sunday morning; 3) establishment of a monthly “Home Care Day” campaign for simultaneous community cleaning; 4) support for the use of natural materials; 5) establishment of mosquito-free village teams to report risk points through Google Forms and a dashboard; and 6) seasonal measures, including Big Cleaning Day before the fruit season. The evaluation of the model showed that the mean percentage score after implementation was significantly higher than before implementation (t = -12.196, p-value < 0.01). The Aedes larval indices, including the House Index, Container Index, and Breteau Index, decreased to a low-risk level. Overall public satisfaction with the model was at the highest level (x̄ = 4.54, S.D. = 0.57). Therefore, dengue fever surveillance should include continuous monitoring of dengue prevention behaviors and should be implemented comprehensively across all areas.