ความชุกของความผิดปกติแต่กำเนิดในประเทศไทยระหว่างปี 2551-2565: การศึกษาย้อนหลังจากฐานข้อมูลมาตรฐานด้านสุขภาพ

Chulaluck Kuptanon; Apirak Kulsu; Shotirose Phurahong; Dueanchai Khata; Napatsawan Siriwong

Authors

Chulaluck Kuptanon Medical Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics, Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health; and College of Medicine, Rangsit University
Apirak Kulsu Digital Medical Bureau, Department of Medical Services
Shotirose Phurahong Digital Healthcare Department, Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health
Dueanchai Khata Medical Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics, Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health
Napatsawan Siriwong Medical Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics, Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health

Keywords:

congenital anomalies, birth defect registry, Down syndrome, neural tube defect

Abstract

Congenital anomalies are still the leading cause of death in children under 5 years of age. A study of the prevalence of congenital anomalies in Thailand was conducted in 2014-2016, since then there is no current data. Therefore, a retrospective study was conducted to examine the current prevalence of congenital anomalies in Thailand. Methods: A retrospective study using the 43-file standard dataset from the Health Data Center, Ministry of Public Health was conducted. Data including ICD10 (International Classification of Disease tenth revision) codes of 18 birth defect groups and child birthdates between 2008 and 2022 were collected and analyzed for the prevalence of each disorder. Results: The prevalence of 18 congenital anomalies was approximately 2 percent. The five most common congenital anomalies were congenital heart defects, limb anomalies, cleft lip/cleft palate, Down syndrome, and urinary tract obstruction, respectively. The prevalence of Down syndrome has been reduced steadily since 2016. The prevalence of congenital hydrocephalus and neural tube defects was found to be approximately 0.03 percent (among the top 10 common congenital anomalies). Conclusion: Congenital abnormality is still an important problem for children at the national level.

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