The Application of Self-management Concept in Nursing Care of Adolescent Patient with Type 1 Diabetes : A Case Study

Abstract

Diabetes is a common non-communicable chronic disease and a significant public health issue worldwide, with the number of patients steadily increasing. The incidence of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents is also rising, with most cases diagnosed in children under 15 years old. This disease impacts children and adolescents physically, mentally, emotionally, and socially. The inability to maintain blood sugar levels within the appropriate range leads to both acute and chronic effects, including complications in other organ systems. Additionally, it places a burden on the families of affected children due to the need for continuous care, as well as increased medical and childcare costs.  Therefore, pediatric and adolescent patients should be provided with knowledge and support for self-care to promote appropriate behavioral modification, including dietary control, insulin management, exercise, and stress management, all of which can help delay the onset of long-term complications. 

This article presents an approach for promoting self-management through a case study of adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes, utilizing self-management concepts and Creer's framework. The study encouraged patient involvement in self-care activities such as goal setting, data collection, data analysis and evaluation, decision-making, implementation, and self-reflection. This approach aims to help patients gain knowledge and understanding, enabling them to make appropriate adjustments to their daily lives and manage their condition independently.