Development of a Systematic Care Model for Patient Safety Among Warfarin Users at the Warfarin Clinic Na Chueak Hospital

Abstract

This action research aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a care model to ensure patient safety among those receiving warfarin at the Warfarin Clinic, Na Chueak Hospital. The participants included 13 nurses working in the clinic and 40 purposively selected patients. The study was conducted in three phases: Phase I – Preparation; Phase II – Development of the care model; and Phase III – Evaluation. The developed model was validated for content by four experts, yielding a content validity index (CVI) of 0.92, and was pilot-tested with 5 participants, resulting in a reliability coefficient of 0.85. Data collection was carried out from December 2024 to August 2025 and analyzed using descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation.

Results: The developed care model comprised four key components. Nurses reported a very high level mean = 4.95 (SD = 0.07), as did patients mean = 4.95 (SD = 0.037). Following implementation, patients showed increased understanding of self-care by 34.34%, and the rate of warfarin-related complications showed a significant downward trend, decreasing from 4.50% in 2022 to 0.65% in 2025.

Conclusion: The developed care model provided a clear, structured approach to enhancing patient safety in the warfarin clinic. It supported improved patient understanding of self-care, reduced complications from warfarin use, increased the proportion of patients with therapeutic INR levels, and significantly enhanced overall quality of life.