Development of a Community-Participatory Care Model for Promoting Type 2 Diabetes Remission at Ban Nong Bua Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital, Kae Dam District, Maha Sarakham Province

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the situation, develop a community-participatory care model for promoting remission in patients with type 2 diabetes, and evaluate the developed model. Action research combined with a one-group pretest–posttest evaluation was conducted from October 2025 to August 2026. Qualitative data were collected primarily from 23 network stakeholders selected through purposive sampling, while quantitative data were collected from 46 patients with type 2 diabetes. Qualitative data were analysed using content analysis, and quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and a paired t-test.

The developed model, named SUGAR, comprised five steps: screening and programme enrolment, learning and self-management, glucose monitoring, medication adjustment under physician supervision, and programme retention. After implementation, mean HbA1c decreased from 7.48 ± 1.70% to 6.68 ± 0.93% (mean change −0.80 percentage points, 95% CI −1.22 to −0.38, p < 0.001). Mean fasting plasma glucose decreased by 6.67 mg/dL (95% CI −13.16 to −0.19, p = 0.044), body weight decreased by 1.58 kg (95% CI −2.70 to −0.45, p = 0.007), and systolic blood pressure decreased by 4.57 mmHg (95% CI −7.91 to −1.22, p = 0.008). Twelve participants met the remission criteria, accounting for 26.1% of the study participants. The SUGAR model can be used in primary care to support patients with type 2 diabetes in achieving remission; however, further evaluation using a comparative design and longer-term follow-up is warranted.