Clinical characteristics of retinopathy of prematurity in Chiangrai Prachanukroh hospital

Abstract

Background : Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a potentially blinding disease causedby abnormal development of retinal blood vessels in premature infants.
Objective : To describe clinical characteristics of retinopathy of prematurity and to determine risk factor of severe retinopathy of prematurity in Chiangrai Prachanukroh hospital.
Method : This retrospective descriptive study included all infants with retinopathy of prematurity in Chiangrai Prachanukroh hospital from October 2009 to September 2020.
Result : ROP was diagnosed in 70 infants divided into severe ROP 38 cases and non-severe 32 cases. Mean gestational age was 28 weeks (SD ± 2.7). Mean birth weight was 1042 grams (SD ± 284.9). Median duration of total oxygen therapy was 61.5 days (IQR 59).
Clinical characteristics showed statistically significant differences between severe ROP and non-severe ROP were cesarean section (p-value 0.047), duration of oxygen cannula (p-value 0.047), duration of total oxygen therapy (p-value 0.019) and hemodynamically significant PDA (hs-PDA) (p-value 0.019). According to univariate analysis, significant risk factors of severe ROP were gestational age ≤ 28 weeks (OR 2.85, 95%CI 1.07-7.55), birth weight ≤ 1000 grams (OR 2.85, 95%CI 1.07-7.55), duration of total oxygen therapy (OR 1.01, 95%CI 1.001-1.028), hs-PDA (OR 1.03, 95%CI 1.06-7.43) and times of blood transfusion (OR 1.16, 95%CI 1.01-1.34). However, multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated, no significant risk factor of severe ROP compared with non-severe ROP.
Conclusion : Clinical characteristics of ROP were mean gestational age of 28 weeks, mean birth weight of 1042 grams and median total oxygen therapy of 61.5 days. No significant risk factor of severe ROP compared with non-severe ROP when using multivariable logistic analysis.