The prevalence and factors associated with depression in children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Abstract

Objectives: were to examine the prevalence rate and factors associated with depression in children with ADHD receiving health services from Loengnoktha Crown Prince Hospital, Yasothon province.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analytic study and was conducted in a pediatric clinic of Loengnoktha Crown Prince Hospital, Yasothon province. The subjects were 147 children who had been diagnosed to be ADHD by a pediatrist, and child and adolescent psychiatrists. Data collection was carried out from 1 February to 30 April 2021. Instruments were a questionnaire, a Thai version of the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionaire(SDQ). Data were analyzed using frequency, mean, standard deviation, percentage. The prevalence rate was the proportion in participants and factors associated with depression in children with ADHD used to Odd Ratio(95% Confidence Interval).
Results: The participants were aged between 5-13 years old and the aged average was 9.03 years old(S.D.=1.69). The majority of participants were male accounted for 87.5. They were studying kindergarten to junior high school. The prevalence rate of depression in children with ADHD was 63.2 percent in the proportion of the sample. The factors associated with depression in this group were disappointed with the outcomes of their study(OR=2.81, 95%CI =1.07-7.40), an expectation of the outcomes of study from their parents(OR=2.63, 95%CI=1.05-6.57), the problem of relationship with their friends(OR=4.27, 95%CI=1.53-11.87), the bully from their friends(OR=5.14, 95%CI= 2.43-10.84), abused from their parents and caregivers(OR= 9.46, 95%CI=1.21-74.11), pressured from their friends(OR=3.40, 95%CI=1.37-8.40. They had behavioral problems, namely, hyperactivity, less concentration, and relationship with their friends.
Conclusions: Children with ADHD had a greater risk of depression. The factors associated with depression in this group were relationships with their friends and parents including the outcomes of their study. Therefore, the health service system should be a surveillance system for screening depression in children with ADHD.