COVID-19 in children with severe combined immune deficiency received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 2022

Authors

  • Piyapong Laopakorn Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Preawkalaya Suksai Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Supamas Harintajinda Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Kaewalee Thamjamrassri Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Natchanun Klangkalya Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Watcharoot Kanchongkittiphon Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Wiparat Manuyakorn Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Keywords:

COVID-19, inborn errors of immunity, severe combined immunodeficiency

Abstract

Background: Children with inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) appear to experience more severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) than immunocompetent pediatric populations. Here in we report clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of COVID-19 in three children with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) who received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Case Presentation:  We reported COVID-19 in 3 patients with SCID, two case underwent haploidentical HSCT in the ages of 6 months and 2.8 years and one match related HSCT in the age 9 months with favorable engraftment, stable graft function, and no current immunosuppressive medication. However, one of them required regular subcutaneous immunoglobulin injection. During 2022, post-HSCT 10 years, 6 years and 8 years respectively, they encountered COVID-19 which were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing with mild symptoms including low-grade fever, cough, and rhinorrhea. Two of them received oral favipiravir treatment. None needed oxygen, and all had uncomplicated recovery. At the time of this report, none of them experience long COVID-19 symptoms.

Conclusion: Favorable clinical outcomes of COVID-19 are reported in children with SCID receiving HSCT.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

เอกสารอ้างอิง

Sharma A, Bhatt NS, St Martin A, Abid MB, Bloomquist J, Chemaly RF, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation recipients: An observational cohort study. Lancet Haematol. 2021;8(3):e185-e93.

Ljungman P, de la Camara R, Mikulska M, Tridello G, Aguado B, Zahrani MA, et al. COVID-19 and stem cell transplantation; results from an EBMT and GETH multicenter prospective survey. Leukemia. 2021;35:2885-94.

Alhumaid S, Al Mutared KM, Al Alawi Z, Sabr Z, Alkhars O, Alabdulqader M, et al. Severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with inborn errors of immunity (primary immunodeficiencies): A systematic review. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2023;19:69.

Giardino G, Milito C, Lougaris V, Punziano A, Carrabba M, Cinetto F, et al. The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with inborn errors of immunity: The Experience of the Italian Primary Immunodeficiencies Network (IPINet). J Clin Immunol. 2022;42:935-46.

Delmonte OM, Castagnoli R, Notarangelo LD. COVID-19 and inborn errors of immunity. Physiology (Bethesda). 2022;37(6):0.

Karakoc Aydiner E, Bilgic Eltan S, Babayeva R, Aydiner O, Kepenekli E, Kolukisa B, et al. Adverse COVID-19 outcomes in immune deficiencies: Inequality exists between subclasses. Allergy. 2022;77:282-95.

Babaei M, Kanannejad Z, Sepahi N, Alyasin S. The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on patients with primary immunodeficiency: A cohort study. Iran J Med Sci. 2022;47:162-6.

Bucciol G, Tangye SG, Meyts I. Coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with inborn errors of immunity: Lessons learned. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2021;33:648-56.

Coll E, Fernández-Ruiz M, Sánchez-Álvarez JE, Martínez-Fernández JR, Crespo M, Gayoso J, et al. COVID-19 in transplant recipients: The Spanish experience. Am J Transplant. 2021;21:1825-37.

Varma A, Kosuri S, Ustun C, Ibrahim U, Moreira J, Bishop MR, et al. COVID-19 infection in hematopoietic cell transplantation: Age, time from transplant and steroids matter. Leukemia. 2020;34:2809-12.

Busca A, Salmanton-García J, Marchesi F, Farina F, Seval GC, Van Doesum J, et al. Outcome of COVID-19 in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients: Results from the EPICOVIDEHA registry. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1125030.

Matkowska-Kocjan A, Owoc-Lempach J, Ludwikowska K, Szenborn F, Moskwa N, Kurek K, et al. COVID-19 mRNA vaccine tolerance and immunogenicity in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients aged 5-11 years old-non-randomized clinical trial. Vaccines (Basel). 2023;11:195.

Watanabe M, Yakushijin K, Funakoshi Y, Ohji G, Ichikawa H, Sakai H, et al. A third dose COVID-19 vaccination in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;10:1830.

Dell'Orso G, Bagnasco F, Giardino S, Pierri F, Ferrando G, Di Martino D, et al. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for inborn errors of immunity: 30-year single-center experience. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1103080.

Slatter M, Lum SH. Personalized hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for inborn errors of immunity. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1162605.

Downloads

Published

2024-12-27

How to Cite

Laopakorn, P., Suksai, P., Harintajinda, S., Thamjamrassri, K., Klangkalya, N., Kanchongkittiphon, W., & Manuyakorn, W. (2024). COVID-19 in children with severe combined immune deficiency received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 2022. Thai Journal of Pediatrics, 63(4), 128–139. retrieved from https://he04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/TJP/article/view/1810

Issue

Vol. 63 No. 4 (2024): Octorber - December 2024

Section

Case Report

License

Copyright (c) 2024 The Royal College of Pediatricians Of Thailand

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.