การคลอดบุตรก่อนมาถึงโรงพยาบาลป่าตอง : อุบัติการณ์ ปัจจัยสัมพันธ์ และภาวะแทรกซ้อน

Abstract

Background : Birth before arrival at hospital gives rise to complications in mothers as babies born under the circumstances without specialist care, delivery instruments, and birth attendants. However, there not many research studies conducted on giving birth before arrival at hospital.
Objective : To study a 3 year-retrospective information related to prevalence, related factors and complications of birth before arrival at Patong Hospital.
Method of the study : This is a retrospective analytic study conducted among mothers giving birth before arrival at Patong Hospital since 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2020 for making comparison to mothers giving birth at the hospital at the same time.
Results: The prevalence of birth before arrival at Patong Hospital was 2.4%. Most of mothers aged between 21-25 years. Most of them finished senior high schools or vocational certificate. They were second time pregnant and their pregnancy was mature. The study found that 46.4% of mothers did not have antenatal care. Maternal factors related to giving birth before arrival were gestational age, antenatal care, antenatal care visit less than 4 times, status, smoking/drinking/drug use, syphilis positive test result, and anemia. The most commonly found complications in mothers were a first-degree perineal tear and vaginal tear (67.9%).
The weights of newborn babies ranged between 1,500 grams to 2,500 grams (35.7%), and less than 1,000 grams (7.1%). Complications in babies related to birth before arrival were low blood glucose, septicemia, dyspnea, and longer stay in hospital, being hospitalized in ICU, and death of newborn babies in the first 28 days after birth.
Conclusion : The prevalence of birth before arrival hospital at Patong Hospital is quite high compared to previous studies conducted in Thailand. Relationship of complications in mothers and babies were higher than giving birth at hospital. Learning about factors related to arising complications contributes to a preventive guideline for birth before arrival at hospital and a treatment for pregnant women in a risk group and newborn babies in an appropriate manner