Incidence and Risk factors of Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Infants at Udonthani Hospital
Keywords:
intraventricular hemorrhage, preterm infantsAbstract
Background : Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) occurs most frequently in infants born
< 32 weeks gestation or with a birth weight < 1500 g. The frequency of the IVH in infants
born < 32 weeks gestation is 20-35 percent. The severity of IVH increases with decreasing
GA and BW. Mortality and morbidity rates increase as the severity of IVH increases.
Multifactorial etiology of IVH in preterm infants.
Objective : To determine the incidence and analyze risk factors of IVH among infants born
≤ 32 weeks gestation and with a birth weight ≤ 1500 g admitted to Udonthani hospital,
Thailand, between January 2019 and December 2020.
Methods : A retrospective descriptive study (matched case control)
Result : Among 128 infants, the overall incidence of IVH was 39.1% (50 infants). Twenty
four infants (18.8%), 18 (14.1%), 2 (1.5%) and 6 (4.7%) were diagnosed as IVH grade I,
II, III and IV respectively. Subset analysis revealed that completion of antenatal steroid
therapy (p=0.038) and extubation within 3 days (p=0.001) were associated with a statistically
significant decrease in incidence of IVH. Furthermore, hypocapnia (p=0.038), hypercapnia
(p=0.003), pneumothorax (p=0.000), hypotension therapy (p=0.000), severe metabolic
acidosis (p=0.000), bicarbonate therapy (p=0.000), sepsis (p=0.004) and thrombocytopenia
(p=0.000) was associated with a statistically significant increase in incidence of IVH.
Conclusion : The incidence of IVH was 39.1%. Completion of antenatal steroid therapy
and extubation within 3 days were associated with lower incidence of IVH. Furthermore,
hypocapnia, hypercapnia, pneumothorax, hypotension therapy, severe metabolic acidosis,
bicarbonate therapy, sepsis and thrombocytopenia was associated with an increase in
incidence of IVH.
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