Mental health screening in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Keywords:
Childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus, Mental health, Strengths and difficulties QuestionnaireAbstract
Background: The global incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children and adolescents has been increasing by 2–5% annually, a trend mirrored in Thailand. Currently, the incidence in Thailand is approximately 1.27 per 100,000 population. Children with T1DM are at higher risk of developing mental health problems compared to healthy children, with reported rates of 30.56% and 15.56%, respectively. Early identification of psychological issues can lead to timely interventions and support holistic care in children with diabetes.
Objectives: To assess the mental health status of children with T1DM and to identify factors associated with increased risk of mental health problems.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in T1DM patients aged 4–16 years old at Chonburi Hospital (Oct 2023–Oct 2024). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was completed by parents and children (aged 11–16 years old). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used.
Results: Among 74 participants, the mean age was 10.6 ± 3.6 years, and 55.4% were female. According to the SDQ completed by parents for children aged 4–16 years, 14.9% had abnormal total difficulties scores. For children aged 11–16 years, parent and self-reports indicated emotional or behavioral problems in 14.9% and 9.8% of cases, respectively. Peer relationship problems were the most common difficulty reported (36.5% by parents and 9.8% by self-report). Having diabetes for three years or more was significantly associated with mental health difficulties.
Conclusion: Mental health screening using the SDQ indicated that children with type 1 diabetes are at risk for emotional and behavioral problems, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance.
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