Prognostic factors associated with outcomes of bacterial meningitis in children
Keywords:
bacterial meningitis, factors, outcomes, children, prognosisAbstract
Introduction: Bacterial meningitis in children is an emergency condition. Without proper treatment, life-threatening complications may occur. There are scarce studies of bacterial meningitis in children in the Thai population.
Objective: To study prognostic factors associated with outcomes of bacterial meningitis in children.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 104 children diagnosed with bacterial meningitis and admitted to Khon Kaen Hospital from January 1st, 2014, to December 31st, 2020. This study was analyzed to determine the prognostic factors associated with outcomes of bacterial meningitis evaluated by modified Rankin scale. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models identified prognostic factors related to outcomes.
Results: One hundred and four patients were diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. The common pathogens were Haemophilus influenzae (40%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (26.7%), and Salmonella spp. (13.1%). Most patients presented with seizures (75%) and altered mental status (54.8%). Forty-four percent of the patients had complications. According to the functional outcomes assessment, most patients survived without neurological deterioration (83.7%). The overall mortality rate was 1.9%. This study found the prognostic factors associated with functional outcomes of bacterial meningitis in children were headache (OR=8.87, 95%CI 1.24-63.63, p-value <0.05) and positive CSF culture (OR=22.71, 95% CI 3.09-166.91, p-value <0.05)
Conclusion: Most patients had a good prognosis. Prognostic factors associated with outcomes of bacterial meningitis in children are positive cerebrospinal fluid culture and headache.
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