ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการเกิดภาวะไข้จากเม็ดเลือดขาวต่ำในผู้ป่วยมะเร็งทางโลหิตวิทยา ที่ได้รับยาเคมีบำบัดในโรงพยาบาลหนองคาย

บทคัดย่อ

Background: Hematologic malignancy patients are at high risk for developing febrile neutropenia leading to increased hospitalization rates, treatment costs, and higher mortality rates compared to the general population. Objective: To study (1) the factors associated with febrile neutropenia in hematologic malignancy patients receiving chemotherapy and (2) the incidence, complications, and mortality rate of hematologic malignancy patients. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study collects data from the medical records of febrile neutropenia in hematologic malignancy patients receiving chemotherapy at NongKhai Hospital for a period of    3 years from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2023. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test (p<0.05, 95% CI), and only statistically significant factors were further analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Results: 160 eligible patients were enrolled. They received a total of 747 chemotherapeutic treatments with 101 episodes of febrile neutropenia. There were 18 patient deaths which represented a mortality rate of 11.3 percent. Factors associated with febrile neutropenia in hematologic malignancy patients receiving chemotherapy include male gender, ECOG performance status 3-4, and receiving chemotherapy at least 4 times (p<0.05). Conclusion and recommendations: Close monitoring and follow-up should be conducted for patients with the aforementioned factors. Consideration should be given to providing empirical antibiotic therapy and early administration of Granulocyte colony- stimulating factors in patients without contraindications to reduce the occurrence of complications and mortality rate.