Effects of a health promotion program on blood sugar control behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes at Ban Nong Song Hong Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital, Chamrae Subdistrict, Photharam District, Ratchaburi Province

Abstract

This quasi-experimental research employed a two-group pretest-posttest design with the objective of examining the effects of a health promotion program on blood sugar control behaviors among patients with diabetes mellitus. The sample consisted of patients with diabetes mellitus who had been diagnosed by a physician and had been receiving oral hypoglycemic medications for at least 6 months. Participants were selected through purposive sampling and assigned into an experimental group and a control group, with 30 participants in each group, for a total of 60 participants. Data were collected between July and September 2025. The experimental group received the health promotion program for 12 weeks, while the control group received routine nursing care. The research instruments consisted of the health promotion program and its program manual, a personal data questionnaire, and a questionnaire on blood sugar control behaviors among patients with diabetes mellitus. The instruments were examined for content validity by three experts, yielding item-objective congruence (IOC) values ranging from .67 to 1.00, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of .87. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, t-test, and repeated measures analysis of variance.

The results revealed that after participating in the program, the experimental group had significantly higher mean scores of blood sugar control behaviors than before participation (p < .001), and significantly lower mean blood sugar levels than before participation (p < .001). When compared between groups, after participating in the program, the experimental group had significantly higher mean scores of blood sugar control behaviors and significantly lower mean blood sugar levels than the control group (p < .001).