The Effect of the Primary Care Service Program towards a New Approach with a Focus on People (NCDx) on Self-management of Health in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in the Yellow and Red groups

Abstract

This quasi-experimental pre-post one-group study aimed to compare the perception of severity, perceived risk of developing diabetes, body mass index (BMI), and blood sugar levels of type 2 diabetes patients in the yellow and red groups. The study population consisted of diabetes patients aged 30-65 years who received services at Ban San Mana Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital between February 2024 and July 2024. A sample size of 30 people was calculated, and the sample was selected through purposive sampling. The tools used consisted of two parts: a questionnaire and a primary care service program with a people-centered approach. The instruments were validated by three experts, with an IOC value between 0.67 and 1.00, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.80. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The research findings showed that after the implementation of the primary care service program with a people-centered approach (NCDx), the experimental group had higher scores in the perception of severity and the perception of the risk of developing diabetes compared to before the intervention (p-value < 0.001). Blood sugar levels decreased after the intervention (p-value < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in body mass index (BMI) (p-value = 0.066). Therefore, the interdisciplinary team should apply the principles of the people-centered primary care service approach by integrating self-management into their activities as a guideline for organizing programs.