Risk Assessment of Fire Protection and Suppression Systems in Government Buildings

Abstract

This research aimed to assess the risk of fire protection and suppression systems in government buildings. A quantitative research design was employed using a field survey approach. The sample was purposively selected, comprising one site consisting of three buildings, an 8-story office building over 36 years old, located in the Phaya Thai district, Bangkok. Data were collected using a checklist covering 10 categories, developed within a legal framework and validated by subject-matter experts prior to implementation. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics and the risk assessment criteria of the Department of Industrial Works, with scores calculated based on the probability of occurrence and the severity of impacts on life and property. The findings revealed that the overall fire protection and suppression systems in the government buildings were compliant with the checklist at 46.63%, placing them at a level that requires improvement. Systems classified as very high risk included the fire alarm system and the emergency electrical system, neither of which were installed in any of the buildings (Risk Score = 25), followed by the safety management system and the installation of building floor plans (Risk Score = 20). Systems classified as high risk included the smoke ventilation system and the surrounding building area (Risk Score = 15). The results highlight critical risks to the safety of building occupants due to the inadequacy of fire protection and suppression systems. Government agencies should consider allocating budgets and developing improvement plans for fire protection and suppression systems to mitigate risks and create a safe environment for personnel and members of the public using the buildings.