CRITIQUES OF EXPLAINING PHENOMENA ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT PHILOSOPHIES

Abstract

When we need to explain phenomena on the planet, those who study natural science or social science will know that both such sciences have different approaches to explain phenomena, which most of them are in opposite manner. Especially, an approach to explain phenomena stated by the perspective of natural science will focus on causal model based on validity and reliability. Also, the natural science perspective has an argument that approach to explain phenomena stated by social science perspective is viewed without reliable models and criteria. However, every science in the world has its pros and cons. The science applicants should know and choose the good part of a particular science to use in a suitable manner to find out what the applicants want to study. This article aims to present a commentary on the phenomena explanation based on 3 philosophical approaches, including Naturalism, Interpretation, and Critical Theory, by presenting the common and different characteristics of each science including a summary of the weaknesses and strengths of each approach. This article will be useful for choosing a philosophical approach to explain the phenomenon more appropriately.