Game Addiction, Sleep Quality and Depression among undergraduate Students at The University in Nakhon Ratchasima province
Keywords:
sleep quality, undergraduate students, game addiction, depressionAbstract
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of game addiction, sleep quality, and depression among undergraduate students, and to analyze the relationships between these factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 380 undergraduate students using convenience sampling at a university in Nakhon Ratchasima province from August to September 2024. An online questionnaire included Game Addiction Screening Test (GAST), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression.
Results: GAST assessment revealed 55 students (14.5%) with obsessed to probable game addiction. PSQI assessment identified poor sleep quality in 151 students (39.7%), while PHQ-9 assessment detected depression in 151 students (39.7%). Students with game addiction showed increased risk of depression (OR=2.88, 95%CI: 1.60–5.17) and poor sleep quality (OR=1.86, 95%CI: 1.04–3.30). Multivariable analysis revealed that female sex (adjusted OR=2.85, 95%CI: 1.23–6.61) and daily gaming hours (adjusted OR=1.18, 95%CI: 1.01–1.38) were significantly associated with game addiction.
Conclusion: A high prevalence of game addiction was found among undergraduate students. Preliminary analysis suggested potential associations between game addiction, depression, and poor sleep quality. The findings emphasize the necessity for continuous screening and monitoring of gaming-related problems and mental health among students, particularly among females and those with prolonged daily gaming hours.
References
World Health Organization. International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems 11th Revision: 6C51 Gaming disorder. Geneva: WHO; 2019.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed, text rev. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association Publishing; 2022.
Yue Y. Effects of video game addiction on mental health. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media. 2024;33(1):137–144. doi:10.54254/2753-7048/33/20231573.
Özkan S, Özkan E. Health impacts of internet gaming addiction. In: Advances in human and social aspects of technology book series. Hershey, PA: IGI Global; 2023. doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-8397-8.ch018.
Saunders, John B. Gaming. In: Oxford Medicine Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2024. doi:10.1093/med/9780192844088.003.0021.
Wibowo S, Belladiena A. Effects of online gaming addiction on adolescent physical health. Jurnal Riset Kesehatan. 2024;13(1):37-43. doi:10.31983/jrk.v13i1.11225.
Alrahili N, Alreefi M, Alkhonain IM, Aldakhilallah MM, Alothaim JS, Alzahrani A, et al. The prevalence of video game addiction and its relation to anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. Cureus. 2023;15(7):e42957. doi:10.7759/cureus.42957.
Limone P, Ragni B, Toto GA. The epidemiology and effects of video game addiction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychol (Amst). 2023;240:104047. doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104047.
Chitra MB, Trishala D, Pandey MK, Bhushan G. Internet gaming disorder and its varied impacts on adolescent age group. Int J Sci Res Arch. 2023;10(2). doi:10.30574/ijsra.2023.10.2.0920.
Sine Nazlı R, Sari G. Digital game addiction and children. In: Advances in human and social aspects of technology book series. Hershey, PA: IGI Global; 2023. doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-8397-8.ch019.
Fan K, Zhang X. Video game addiction: formation and impact on human life. J Educ Humanit Soc Sci. 2023;8:4530. doi:10.54097/ehss.v8i.4530.
Zheng Y. Video game addiction, its risk factors, and relationships with the big five personality traits. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media. 2023. doi:10.54254/2753-7048/26/20230808.
Taechoyotin P, Tongrod P, Thaweerungruangkul T, Towattananon N, Teekapakvisit P, Aksornpusitpong C, et al. Prevalence and associated factors of internet gaming disorder among secondary school students in rural community, Thailand: a cross-sectional study. BMC Res Notes. 2020;13(1):11. doi:10.1186/s13104-019-4862-3.
Taechoyotin P, Tongrod P, Piyaraj P. Prevalence and associated factors of Internet gaming disorder among secondary school students in Chachoengsao Province, Thailand. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2018;66:S498. doi:10.1016/j.respe.2018.05.498.
Rujataronjai W, Varma P. The impact of video game addiction on depression, anxiety, and stress among Thai adolescents, mediated by self-regulation and social support. [Internet]. 2017 [cite 24 June 2024]. Available from: https://repository.au.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/2c819745-f873-4ced-841e-31af961c2dfb/content
Sulaksono AD, Barlianto W, Windarwati HD. Impact of gaming disorder against adolescent emotional intelligence: a systematic review. Int J Soc Community Med. 2020;2(2):123. doi:10.200609/ijsoc.v2i2.123.
Wanpen W, Itsarapong P, Gornnum S, Yunibhand J. Development of a Thai gaming disorder scale for children and adolescents. J Health Res. 2021;35(4):347–357. doi:10.1108/jhr-10-2020-0462.
Wong MC, Yuan GF, Liu C, Lam SKK, Wang H, Buysse DJ, et al. The relationship between internet gaming disorder, sleeping quality, self-compassion, physical activity participation and psychological distress: a path analysis. Glob Ment Health (Camb). 2024;11:e36. doi:10.1017/gmh.2024.36.
Hanik U, Nurjanah S, Faizah I, Rohmawati R. Does game addiction have a relationship with adolescent sleep quality? Bali Med J. 2023;12(3):4355. doi:10.15562/bmj.v12i3.4355.
Hanpatchaiyakul K, Teerawongsa N, Senivong Na Ayudhaya S, Kirdsuwan P. Scoping review of internet game addiction with a focus on the risk, protection, impact factors, and intervention protocols. Proceedings of the Asian Network for Public Opinion Research (ANPOR) Annual Conference; 2017 Nov 1-4; Shanghai, China; 2017. p. 33–44.
Liu L, Yao YW, Li CR, Zhang JT, Xia CC, Lan J, et al. The comorbidity between internet gaming disorder and depression: interrelationship and neural mechanisms. Front Psychiatry. 2018;9:154. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00154.
Weinstein A. An update overview on brain imaging studies of internet gaming disorder. Front Psychiatry. 2017;8:185. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00185.
Krempel R, Jarvers I, Ecker A, Schleicher D, Brunner R, Kandsperger S. Sleep quality and the cortisol and alpha-amylase awakening responses in adolescents with depressive disorders. BJPsych Open. 2024;10(4):e730. doi:10.1192/bjo.2024.730.
Zhao R, Zhang Z, Li H, Lv D, Wang P, Zhao H. Association between sleep quality and cognitive symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder. J Vis Exp. 2024;(208):e66274. doi:10.3791/66274.
Denier N, Breit S, Soravia LM, Walther S, Mertse N, Krone L, et al. Low sleep quality in major depressive disorder is associated with thinning and decreased functional connectivity of the insular cortex. J Affect Disord Rep. 2024;17:100744. doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100744.
Gentile DA, Choo H, Liau A, Sim T, Li D, Fung D, et al. Pathological video game use among youths: a two-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics. 2011;127(2):e319–29. doi:10.1542/peds.2010-1353.
Viroj J. Effects of game addiction on health among public health students of Mahasarakham University. J Psychiatr Assoc Thailand. 2010;55(3):251–60.
Pitanupong J. The game playing behavior and factors associated in medical students. J Psychiatr Assoc Thailand. 2008;53(4):343–54.
Pornnoppadol C. The development of Game Addiction Screening Test (GAST). J Psychiatr Assoc Thailand. 2014;59(1):3–14.
Rhein D, Nanni A. Assessing mental health among Thai university students: a cross-sectional study. SAGE Open. 2022;12(4). doi:10.1177/21582440221129248.
Krejcie RV, Morgan DW. Determining sample size for research activities. Educ Psychol Meas. 1970;30(3):607–10. doi:10.1177/001316447003000308.
ตะวันชัย จิรประมุขพิทักษ์, วรัญ ตันชัยสวัสดิ์. ปัญหาคุณภาพการนอนหลับของพยาบาลประจำการโรงพยาบาลสงขลานครินทร์. วารสารสมาคมจิตแพทย์แห่งประเทศไทย. 2540;42(3):123–32.
Lotrakul M, Sumrithe S, Saipanish R. Reliability and validity of the Thai version of the PHQ-9. BMC Psychiatry. 2008;8:46. doi:10.1186/1471-244x-8-46.
Stevens MWR, Dorstyn D, Delfabbro PH, King DL. Global prevalence of gaming disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2021;55(6):553–568. doi:10.1177/0004867420962851.
Tang CSK, Wu AMS, Yan ECW, Ko JHC, Kwon JH, Yogo M, et al. Relative risks of Internet-related addictions and mood disturbances among college students: a 7-country/region comparison. Public Health. 2018;165:16–25. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2018.09.010.
Chiang SC, Lee KH, Kim H, Chang TG, Chu H, Chen YS, et al. Prevalence of Internet Gaming Disorder in medical students: a meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:760911. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.760911.
Han TS, Cho H, Sung D, Park MH. A systematic review of the impact of COVID-19 on the game addiction of children and adolescents. Front Psychiatry. 2022;13:976601. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.976601.
Khrad H, Marhoomi A, Alkhiri A, Al-Shamrani A, Bajabir D, Mosli M. Prevalence of Internet Gaming Disorder among Saudi Arabian university students: relationship with psychological distress. Heliyon. 2022;8(12):e12334. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12334.
Brailovskaia J, Truskauskaite-Kuneviciene I, Kazlauskas E, Margraf J. The patterns of problematic social media use (SMU) and their relationship with online flow, life satisfaction, depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in Lithuania and in Germany. Curr Psychol. 2023;42(7):5544-57.
Twenge JM, Joiner TE, Rogers ML, Martin GN. Increases in depressive symptoms, suicide-related outcomes, and suicide rates among U.S. adolescents after 2010 and links to increased new media screen time. Clin Psychol Sci. 2018;6(1):3-17.
González-Bueso V, Santamaría JJ, Fernández D, Merino L, Montero E, Ribas J. Association between Internet Gaming Disorder or pathological video-game use and comorbid psychopathology: a comprehensive review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(4):668.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Phaholpolpayuhasena Hospital

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
บทความที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของโรงพยาบาลพหลพลพยุหเสนา
ข้อความที่ปรากฏในบทความแต่ละเรื่องในวารสารวิชาการเล่มนี้เป็นความคิดเห็นส่วนตัวของผู้เขียนแต่ละท่านไม่เกี่ยวข้องกับโรงพยาบาลพหลพลพยุหเสนาและบุคลากรท่านอื่น ๆ ในโรงพยาบาลฯ แต่อย่างใด ความรับผิดชอบองค์ประกอบทั้งหมดของบทความแต่ละเรื่องเป็นของผู้เขียนแต่ละท่าน หากมีความผิดพลาดใด ๆ ผู้เขียนแต่ละท่านจะรับผิดชอบบทความของตนเอง

Phaholpolpayuhasena Hospital