ประสิทธิผลของการตรวจคัดกรองมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่ด้วย FIT test ในอำเภอท่ามะกา จังหวัดกาญจนบุรี

Kumphol  Prugsaudomchai

Authors

Kumphol Prugsaudomchai Department of Social Medicine, Makarak Hospital, Kanchanaburi 71120

Keywords:

screening, colonoscopy, effectiveness, colorectal cancer, fecal immunochemical test

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening using the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) by assessing screening coverage, FIT positivity rate, and colonoscopy follow-up rate, and identify factors associated with positive FIT results and colorectal lesion detection.

Methods: This retrospective descriptive study analyzed data from hospital information systems and health data warehouses. The study population included individuals aged 50–70 years who underwent FIT screening in Tha Maka District between October 1, 2022, and September 30, 2024. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test.

Results: A total of 1,609 participants were included, with 69.1% female and a mean age of 59.9±8.7 years. The FIT positivity rate was 19.2% (309/1,609). Among those with positive results, 69.9% (216/309) underwent colonoscopy. Colorectal lesions were detected in 17.6% (38/216) of those undergoing colonoscopy. Male participants had significantly higher FIT positivity and lesion detection rates than females (p=0.003 and p=0.029, respectively). Participants with a family history of colorectal cancer also showed significantly higher positivity and detection rates (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively).

Conclusions: FIT-based screening demonstrated effectiveness in colorectal cancer detection. Male sex and family history of colorectal cancer are significant associated factors. The colonoscopy follow-up rate indicates good performance of the screening pathway, reflecting a strong healthcare service network.

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