Case Investigation of Plasmodium vivax Malaria and Entomological Study in a Re-emerging Transmission Area, Chanae Subdistrict, Saba Yoi District, Songkhla Province
Keywords:
Malaria, Plasmodium vivax, Anopheles mosquitoes, Malaria controlAbstract
Vector-Borne Diseases Control Center 12.2 Songkhla was notified of four confirmed cases of Plasmodium
vivax malaria between November 25 and December 26, 2024, in the Korlormudor village cluster, Village No. 1,
Chanae Subdistrict, Saba Yoi District, Songkhla Province. An investigation was carried out to determine the re-emergence of local transmission and to implement surveillance, prevention, and control measures,
including entomological surveys and a review of case investigation reports. The first case was identified as an
import case (Bo) from an A1 transmission area, with infection acquired in the Sakai village cluster, Village No.
3, Ban Rae Subdistrict, Than To District, Yala Province. The patient had been infected five months prior, and
this episode was presumed to be either a relapse from dormant liver-stage hypnozoites or a recrudescence of
an asymptomatic erythrocytic-stage infection. The second and third cases were classified as indigenous cases
(A cases) from a B1 area (non-transmission village cluster), while the fourth case was classified as an import
case (Bx) from another village within the same subdistrict, also in a B1 area. Entomological surveys collected
50 Anopheles mosquitoes, comprising five species: An. barbirostris (26), An. tessellatus (14), An. kochi (6), An.
saeungae (2), An. crawfordi (1), and Anopheles sp. (1). No malaria parasites were detected in the mosquitoes.
A mass blood survey of 38 individuals also found no malaria infections.
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