Development of Caring Model for Pregnant Women with Iron Deficiency Anemia at Antenatal Care Clinic, Out Patient Department, Yasothon Hospital

Abstract

This research is research and development. The objective was to develop and study the results of the care model for pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia at the antenatal clinic. Outpatient department Yasothon Hospital. Conducted between 1 April - 31 August 2023. The sample group consisted of 45 pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia who received services at the antenatal clinic, selected purposively (Purposive Sampling). The research was conducted in 4 phases.  Phase 1: analyze the situation and data; Phase 2: develop a model for caring for women; Phase 3: apply the developed model to a sample group; Phase 4: evaluate the results. The tools used in the research include: 1. the tools used to conduct the research include lesson plans, slide presentation media and Line Application Line Official Account “Thick blood, people don't pale” 2. Data collection tools include general data recording forms. Knowledge test which tested for content validity, CVI was 1, tested reliability with KR-21, got a value of 0.71, and evaluated satisfaction with the knowledge and notifications of the Line application. Official Account “Thick blood, people don't pale”. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and differences were compared using paired t-test statistics.

The results of the research found that 1) the care model consisted of a set of lesson plans, slide presentation media and Line Application Line Official Account “Thick blood, people don't pale” 2) Most of sampling were between 21-30 years old (64.45%). Most were second pregnancy (46.67%). The average gestational age was 14.56 weeks. The knowledge score on iron deficiency anemia before the study was rated. Average score was 2.53 (S.D. =0.97). After providing knowledge, the average score was 3.58 (S.D. =0.66), a statistically significant difference (p<.05) in the aspect of eating food to reduce anemia, before providing knowledge, the average score was 5.60 (S.D.=1.80). After providing knowledge, the average score was 7.36 (S.D.=1.8), a statistically significant difference (p<.05). In terms of taking iron supplement pills before providing knowledge, there was an average score of 8.24 (S.D. =2.3). After providing knowledge, there was an average score of 10.62 (S.D. =1.80), a statistically significant difference (p<.05). In items of preventing complications while pregnant, before providing knowledge, the average score was 2.56 (S.D.=0.66). After providing knowledge, the average score was 2.67 (S.D.= 0.52), not different. For the overall knowledge score, before providing knowledge, there was an average score of 18.91 (S.D. = 4.16). After providing knowledge, there was an average score of 24.11 (S.D. =3.51), a statistically significant difference (p<.05). Hematocrit before giving knowledge the average of 30.67 percent, after giving knowledge the average of 33.61 percent, a statistically significant difference (p <.05). Satisfaction with the LINE application, separated by aspect, was highest in utility averaged 4.89 (S.D.= 0.32), followed by information/content, averaged 4.79 (S.D.= 0.41). The lowest aspect was format, averaged 4.77 (S.D.= 0.42). When analyzing each item, it was found that the item with the highest score was the language is easy to understand, concise, explains information clearly, with an average of 4.89 (S.D.= 0.32) and helping stimulate reminders for taking medicine and food, with an average of 4.89 (S.D.= 0.32). Followed by information/content was interesting, with an average of 4.87 (S.D.= 0.34). The item with the lowest score was the information presented was complete and meets needs, with an average of 4.60 (S.D.= 0.58). Overall satisfaction was the highest level of satisfaction, with average 4.87 (S.D.= 0.34).

Summary of the results of developing a care model for pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia. Good results for correct, appropriate knowledge and practice. Causes higher blood concentration levels.

Keywords: Care model; Pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia