Factors Associated With the Occurrence of Acute Respiratory Failure in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Yasothon Hospital
Keywords:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Acute Respiratory Failure, Risk FactorsAbstract
Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a significant public health issue worldwide and a leading cause of death, particularly in Thailand, where a large number of patients are affected. Acute exacerbations of respiratory failure in COPD patients have a severe impact on disease progression and require timely treatment to reduce mortality and complications.
Objective: To study factors associated with acute respiratory failure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at Yasothon Hospital.
Methods: This research is a retrospective study. (Retrospective chart review) by reviewing the medical records of patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute respiratory failure. Including patients without acute respiratory failure admitted to Yasothon Hospital between 1 October 2022 and 30 September 2023 by studying related factors such as basic patient information. Vital signs, laboratory tests, and treatment history Risk factors for respiratory failure were analyzed using logistic regression statistics.
Results: 348 patients were included, with 61 patients in the acute respiratory failure group and 287 in the non-respiratory failure group. Significant factors associated with acute respiratory failure included respiratory tract infections (OR 4.51; 95% CI: 1.76-11.56; p-value = 0.002) and sepsis (OR 4.09; 95% CI: 1.79-9.32; p-value = 0.001), history of intubation within the past year (OR 3.70; 95% CI: 1.41-9.72; p-value < 0.001), respiratory rate over 30 breaths per minute (OR 2.80; 95% CI: 1.70-4.64; p-value < 0.001), heart rate over 125 beats per minute (OR 3.31; 95% CI: 1.73-7.02; p-value < 0.001), and oxygen saturation below 90% (OR 5.75; 95% CI: 3.02-10.95; p-value < 0.001).
Conclusion: Factors significantly associated with acute respiratory failure in COPD patients include respiratory tract infections, sepsis, a history of intubation, and certain vital signs such as elevated respiratory rate, heart rate, and low oxygen saturation. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring and managing these factors to prevent complications.
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