The Development of Care Model for Surgical Patients to Prevent the Spread of Infectious Respiratory Diseases in the Operating Room of Yasothon Hospital

Abstract

This research and development aimed to develop and study the effect of developing a care model for surgical patients on the prevention of the spread of respiratory Infectious diseases in the operating rooms at Yasothon Hospital. The samples were purposive sampling: 14 registered nurses in the operating rooms at Yasothon Hospital and 60 patients who underwent surgery with respiratory Infectious diseases, such as 1) COVID-19, 2) pulmonary tuberculosis, 3) herpes zoster, 4) chickenpox, and 5) measles. The research was conducted in 4 phases: 1) understanding background and analysis, 2) developing the model, 3) applying the model, and 4) evaluating the results. The research instruments included 1) standards of care for surgical patients on prevention of the spread of respiratory Infectious diseases and a program for competencies development of operating room nurses. 2) The data collection form included (1) a knowledge assessment form on nursing surgical patients, etc. The KR-20 difficulty score was 0.70, (2) an Assessment form for compliance with the standard of care for surgical patients, etc., (3) a satisfaction questionnaire for nurses regarding the model (Cronbach's alpha = 0.81), (4) a patient satisfaction questionnaire regarding the service system (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86), (5) Surveillance of infection in patients and service providers, and (6) cost analysis before and after implementing the patient care model. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and comparative statistics by Paired t-test.

Results: 1) The model of care for surgical patients to prevent the spread of infectious respiratory diseases in the operating room, at Yasothon Hospital, consisted of (1) the Standard of Care for Preventing Respiratory Infectious Disease Transmission, (2) components of the S.A.F.E. OR Model, (3) a disease-specific respiratory infection risk assessment tool, and (4) a communication system via Line Notify. Regarding outcomes: (1) For providers, post-implementation findings showed statistically significant improvements (p < .05) in nurses’ knowledge and adherence to care standards, along with high levels of satisfaction, and (2) For patients, satisfaction with the healthcare service system was also high. (3) For the organization, there were no reported transmissions among patients or healthcare personnel after the implementation of the model.