Hearing Screening in Newborns using Otoacoustic Emission at Det Udom Royal Crown Prince Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani Province
Keywords:
Hearing screening, Newborns, Otoacoustic Emission (OAE), Hearing impairment, Risk factorsAbstract
Introduction: Hearing is a critical part of language development, especially during the first three years of life. Early neonatal hearing loss can lead to communication and child development, and timely diagnosis and rehabilitation results for children achieving language development that is close to normal.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with failing newborn hearing screening at Det Udom Royal Crown Prince Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani Province.
Methods: This was a retrospective study, and data was retrieved from medical records of 2,144 newborns who underwent hearing screening using an OAE between October 1, 2022, and September 30, 2023. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and correlation analysis using the Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Logistic regression analysis. The statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: A total of 2,144 newborns, 98.93% of whom passed the screening test. Only 1.07% (23 cases) required additional follow-up. A total of 17 cases (73.91%) were able to be followed up, with 7 cases having abnormalities requiring treatment. A statistically significant risk factor from the multivariable analysis was sepsis (Adjusted OR = 9.82, p < 0.01). And blood thickening (Adjusted OR = 7.16, p = 0.004), and although infants born to mothers who did not receive prenatal care and infants born to mothers infected with HIV showed a higher chance, it was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Newborn hearing screening is vital for the early detection of hearing abnormalities. The most significant risk factors are neonatal sepsis and polycythemia. Close monitoring and follow-up are essential for high-risk infants, and early screening is crucial for identifying and treating at-risk newborns promptly.
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