The Effect of Colorectal Cancer Screening in High Risk Groups of Colon Cancer of Leongnoktha Crown Prince Hospital

Abstract

Background: The screening for colorectal cancer using the FIT Test in the healthcare network of Loengnoktha district is still limited, and there are still many people in the area waiting for access to colorectal cancer screening.

Objective: The research aimed to study the effects of developing a colorectal cancer screening model using colonoscopy on screening decision-making, bowel preparation and quality, colonoscopy results, and complications. 

Method: This quasi-experimental study screened 220 risk persons who were screened using the FIT Test and underwent colonoscopy at Loengnoktha Crown Prince Hospital. The sample group received bowel preparation before the colonoscopy, underwent the examination, and followed up afterward. Data were collected using an interview form with a reliability coefficient of 0.81 and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with a One Sample T-test.

Results: The study found that the majority of the at-risk group were females aged 60-69 years, and none had previously undergone colorectal cancer screening. After the experiment, the overall intention to undergo screening was significantly higher than the target value (p-value < 0.001). The behavior in bowel preparation before screening was also significantly more prepared than the target value (p-value < 0.001). The quality of bowel preparation was at a clean level. Screening results were normal at 71.80%, while 28.20% had biopsies taken, all of which were normal. There were no complications during the colonoscopy, and the follow-up care revealed no complications.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that a colonoscopy screening model for colorectal cancer encourages participants to undergo screening and effectively prepares the colon according to the recommended guidelines.